![]() (b) the term “United States Government supported R&D” includes R&D projects funded by the United States Government, in whole or in part projects that use United States Government equipment or facilities for conducting R&D and R&D projects in which United States Government employee and contractor personnel participate, regardless of the project’s funding source (a) the term “participants in the United States R&D enterprise” includes researchers at academic research institutions, independent research institutes, medical centers and institutes, private companies, and Federal Government research centers and laboratories, as well as those who participate in the process of allocating and awarding Federal R&D funding ![]() ![]() This includes steps to ensure that participants with significant influence on the United States R&D enterprise fully disclose information that can reveal potential conflicts of interest and conflicts of commitment. While maintaining an open environment to foster research discoveries and innovation that benefit our Nation and the world, the United States will also take steps to protect intellectual capital, discourage research misappropriation, and ensure responsible management of United States taxpayer dollars. Unfortunately, some foreign governments, including the People’s Republic of China, have not demonstrated a reciprocal dedication to open scientific exchange, and seek to exploit open United States and international research environments to circumvent the costs and risks of conducting research, thereby increasing their economic and military competitiveness at the expense of the United States, its allies, and its partners. The open and collaborative nature of the United States R&D enterprise underpins America’s innovation, S&T leadership, economic competitiveness, and national security. Much of United States Government-supported R&D is broadly shared and includes fundamental research as defined in National Security Decision Directive (NSDD)-189 as well as scientific research using publicly available data. This R&D, including both basic and applied research, is a key contributor to American science and technology (S&T) innovation and is essential to United States economic and national security. The United States Government provides significant support to R&D across a broad spectrum of research institutions and programs conducted both within and outside of the United States and its territories. This memorandum directs action to strengthen protections of United States Government-supported Research and Development (R&D) against foreign government interference and exploitation. THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL INSTITUTES OF HEALTHīy the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, I hereby direct the following: THE DIRECTOR OF THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION THE DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY ![]() THE ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRSĪSSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT, DEPUTY COUNSEL TO THE PRESIDENT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS, AND NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL LEGAL ADVISOR THE DIRECTOR OF THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY THE DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF MANAGEMENT AND BUDGET THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY THE ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT AND CHIEF OF STAFF THE SECRETARY OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES NATIONAL SECURITY PRESIDENTIAL MEMORANDUM – 33
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